Viral haemorrhagic fever is a clinical definition for several diseases. They are due to viruses that belong to different families and are transmitted in different ways.
Keywords: infectious diseases; virology; septic shock; ecology
Haemorrhagic Fever Viruses
Bernard Le Guenno, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
Published online: April 2001
DOI: 10.1038/npg.els.0000414
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Figure 1. Hypothetical mechanism of intravascular coagulation and shock induced by the haemorrhagic fever viruses. Viruses in the bloodstream may infect macrophages and endothelial cells. Stimulated cells produce tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), known to induce capillary permeability. These molecules trigger the production of other cytokines, leading to the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. The endothelial cells are not destroyed by viral infection; however, their membrane is modified and favours the aggregation of platelets, leading to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and haemorrhages.
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| References | |
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| Further Reading | |
| book Cosgriff T (ed.) (1989) "Proceedings of the International Symposium on Hemostatic Impairment Associated with Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses". Reviews of Infectious Diseases 11 (supplement 4). | |
| book Fischer-Hoch S and McCormick J (1990) "Pathogenesis of haemorrhagic fevers". In: Zuckerman A, Banatvala J and Pattison J (eds) Principles and Practice of Clinical Virology, pp. 475–491. Chichester, UK: Wiley. | |
| Le Guenno B (1995) Emerging viruses. Scientific American 273(4): 56–64. | |
| Le Guenno B (1997) Hemorrhagic fevers and ecological perturbations. Archives of Virology Supplementum 13: 191–199. | |
| book Martini G and Siegert R (eds) (1971) Marburg Virus Disease. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. | |
| book Monath T (ed.) (1988) The Arboviruses, Epidemiology and Ecology (5 volumes). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. | |
| book Pattyn S (ed.) (1978) Ebola Virus Haemorrhagic Fever. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North Holland. | |
| book Porterfield J (ed.) (1995) Exotic Viral Infections. Oxford: Chapman and Hall. | |
| book Schwarz T and Siegl G (eds) (1996) "Proceedings of the Symposium on Imported Virus Infection". Archives of Virology. Supplementum 11. | |
