Katarzyna A Palinska, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
Published online: July 2008
DOI: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0000454.pub2
Cyanobacteria is a widely distributed group of unicellular and multicellular photosynthetic bacteria that possess chlorophyll a (Prochlorales additionally possess chlorophyll b) and perform oxygenic photosynthesis.
Keywords: chromatic adaptation; cyanophyceae; oxychlorobacteria; picoplankton; phylogeny; stromatolites; chloroplast evolution
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Figure 1. Morphological diversity in cyanobacteria. Unicellular: (a) single-celled Cyanothece PCC 7418, (b) forming regular colonies Merismopedia punctata and (c) irregular colonies of Gloeothece PCC 6909. Filamentous, without heterocysts: (d) Spirulina sp., (e) Arthrospira sp., (f) Oscillatoria sp. and (g) Hydrocoleum cantharidosmum. Filamentous with heterocysts: (h) Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, (i) Scytonema sp. and (j) Stigonema sp., filamentous cyanobacterium with heterocysts and branched trichomes.
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Figure 2. Schematic vertical cross-section of a typical microbial mat system.
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Figure 3. Laminated cross-section of microbial mats from Norderney Island (North Sea), Germany.
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Figure 4. Different pigmentation of cyanobacteria due to their various ratios of phycocyanine and phycoerythrine as well as divergent carotenoids.
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Figure 5. Size comparison of the smallest cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus marinus and typical microbial mat inhabitant Oscillatoria limosa.
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Figure 6. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrograph of a microbial mat community. Two different species of Spirulina and nonsheeted forms of the Phormidium sp. covered by EPS are visible.
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| Further Reading | |
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