Nucleotide Excision Repair in Bacteria

Lawrence Grossman, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Oleg Kovalsky, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

Published online: December 2001

DOI: 10.1038/npg.els.0000560

Nucleotide excision repair removes a wide variety of damages from bacterial genomes through a set of coordinated enzymatic reactions carried out by multiprotein complexes. It is coupled to other cellular processes, notably transcription.

Keywords: bacteria; enzymology of DNA repair; damage recognition; UvrABC endonuclease

Figure 1. Nucleotide excision repair pathway in E. coli. UvrA2 dimer binds to undamaged DNA regions. UvrB then binds and the UvrA2B1 complex translocates to the damaged site (green circle). The RNAP–promoter complex can provide sites of preferential landing for two UvrA2B1. UvrA dissociates and UvrC binds to the UvrB–DNA complex at a damaged site. Dual incision is catalysed by UvrBC. UvrD displaces UvrC and an oligonucleotide containing the damage. DNA polymerase I fills the single-stranded gap, and DNA ligase seals the nick.
Figure 2. Strand selectivity by the UvrAB helicase. RNAP (2, , ¢ and subunits) provides the UvrA2B1 complex with a preferred binding site at a promoter region (NER start site), because the association constant of the UvrA2B1 with unwound/noncomplementary DNA regions (bubbles) is ~100-fold higher than with duplex/complementary regions (Reproduced from Ahn and Grossman, 1996 Copyright © 1996 American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology). Due to 5¢–3¢ directionality of its helicase activity UvrA2B1 can translocate productively only along the nontranscribed strand (NTS). During translocation the DNA damage-recognition domain of the UvrA senses damaged sites on the transcribed strand (TS) which is selectively nicked when damage is found.
close
 References
    Ahn B and Grossman L (1996) RNA polymerase signals UvrAB landing sites. Journal of Biological Chemistry 271: 21453–21461.
    Caron PR, Kushner SR and Grossman L (1985) Involvement of helicase II (uvrD gene product) and DNA polymerase I in excision mediated by the uvrABC protein complex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 82: 4925–4929.
    Kovalsky OI, Grossman L and Ahn B (1996) The topodynamics of incision of UV-irradiated covalently closed DNA by Escherichia coli UvrABC endonuclease. Journal of Biological Chemistry 271: 33236–33241.
    Lin CG, Kovalsky OI and Grossman L (1997) DNA damage-dependent recruitment of nucleotide excision repair and transcription proteins to Escherichia coli inner membranes. Nucleic Acids Research 25: 3151–3158.
    Mellon I and Hanawalt PC (1989) Induction of the Escherichia coli lactose operon selectively increases repair of its transcribed DNA strand. Nature 342: 95–98.
    Oh EY and Grossman L (1989) Characterization of the helicase activity of the Escherichia coli UvrAB protein complex. Journal of Biological Chemistry 264: 1336–1343.
    Orren DK and Sancar A (1990) Formation and enzymatic properties of the UvrB–DNA complex. Journal of Biological Chemistry 265: 15796–15803.
    Sancar A and Rupp WD (1983) A novel repair enzyme: UVRABC excision nuclease of Escherichia coli cuts a DNA strand on both sides of the damaged region. Cell 33: 249–260.
    Selby CP and Sancar A (1993) Molecular mechanism of transcription-repair coupling. Science 260: 53–58.
    Yeung AT, Mattes WB, Oh EY and Grossman L (1983) Enzymatic properties of purified Escherichia coli uvrABC proteins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 80: 6157–6161.
 Further Reading
    book Friedberg EC, Walker GC and Siede W (1995) DNA Repair and Mutagenesis. Washington, DC: ASM Press.
    Grossman L and Thiagalingam S (1993) Nucleotide excision repair, a tracking mechanism in search of damage. Journal of Biological Chemistry 268: 16871–16874.
    book Grossman L, Lin CG, Ahn B (1998) "Nucleotide excision repair in Escherichia coli". In: Nickoloff JA and Hoekstra MF (eds) DNA Damage and Repair, Vol. 1, pp. 11–27. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press.
    Sancar A (1996) DNA excision repair. Annual Review of Biochemistry 65: 43–81.
    Van Houten B (1990) Nucleotide excision repair in Escherichia coli. Microbiological Reviews 54: 18–51.

Related Sub-Topics:

Techniques and Tools in Molecular Biology | DNA Damage and Repair | Enzymes: Structure and Action Mechanism | Nucleic Acids: Structure, Function, Metabolism | Bacteria | Genomes and Chromosomes
Contact Editor close
Submit a note to the editor about this article by filling in the form below.

* Required Field

Article Title: Nucleotide Excision Repair in Bacteria
 
How to Cite close
Grossman, Lawrence, and Kovalsky, Oleg(Dec 2001) Nucleotide Excision Repair in Bacteria. In: eLS. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester. http://www.els.net [doi: 10.1038/npg.els.0000560]