Glycolysis Regulation

Gary D Lopaschuk, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Jason RB Dyck, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Published online: September 2005

DOI: 10.1038/npg.els.0003882

Glycolysis provides an important source of energy for most cells as well as a source of substrate for a number of other metabolic pathways. Its regulation is complex, involving allosteric control, phosphorylation control and transcriptional control of glycolytic enzymes. Modulation of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate has emerged as one of the key sites at which glycolysis is controlled.

Keywords: hexokinase; phosphofructokinase; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Pasteur effect; substrate cycles

Figure 1. Overview of the glycolytic pathway.
Figure 2. Supply of glucose 1-phosphate from endogenous and exogenous sources.
Figure 3. Control of phosphofructokinase (PFK-1) activity.
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 References
    Berman HK and Newgard CB (1988) Fundamental metabolic differences between hepatocyte and islet -cells revealed by glucokinase overexpression. Biochemistry 37: 4543–4552.
    Randle PJ, Garland PB, Hlaes CN and Newsholme EA (1963) The glucose/fatty acid cycle. Its role in insulin sensitivity and the metabolic disturbances of diabetes mellitus. Lancet i: 785–789.
    Halse R, Fryer LG, McCormack JG, Carling D and Yeaman SJ (2003) Regulation of glycogen synthase by glucose and glycogen: a possible role for AMP-activated protein kinase. Diabetes 52(1): 9–15.
 Further Reading
    Depre C, Rider MH, Veitch K and Hue L (1993) Role of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate in the control of heart glycolysis. Journal of Biological Chemistry 268: 13274–13279.
    Girard J, Ferre P and Foufelle F (1997) Mechanisms by which carbohydrates regulate expression of genes for glycolytic and lipogenic enyzmes. Annual Review of Nutrition 17: 325–352.
    King LM and Opie LH (1998) Glucose and glycogen utilisation in myocardial ischemia – changes in myocardial metabolism and consequences for the myocyte. Molecular and Cell Biochemistry 180: 3–26.

Related Sub-Topics:

Cell Energetics | Enzymes: Structure and Action Mechanism | Bioenergetics
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Article Title: Glycolysis Regulation
 
How to Cite close
Lopaschuk, Gary D, and Dyck, Jason RB(Sep 2005) Glycolysis Regulation. In: eLS. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester. http://www.els.net [doi: 10.1038/npg.els.0003882]