Chaperones, Chaperonin and Heat‐Shock Proteins

Valerio Consalvi, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Roberta Chiaraluce, University of Rome, Rome, Italy

Published online: September 2005

DOI: 10.1038/npg.els.0003886

The protein folding of a nascent polypeptide is the decoding of the linear information contained in the primary sequence into the native three-dimensional conformation. Chaperone proteins and folding catalysts may contribute to successful folding.

Keywords: protein folding; chaperones; folding catalysts

Figure 1. Modular organization of the domains in protein disulfide isomerase-related proteins. a, a’ are the two redox-active domains, which are separated by the two thioredoxin-related domains, b, b’. Fragment c may be involved in the recognition and binding of polypeptides.
Figure 2. Isomerization of peptide bonds. (a) The steric hindrance around the amide bond favours the trans-conformation of a peptide bond. (b) cis–trans isomerization of a peptidyl–prolyl bond.
Figure 3. Basic mechanism of E. coli GroEL-GroES assisted folding. The vertical section of GroEL double ring shows the apical (A), intermediate (I) and equatorial (E) domains. U, unfolded polypeptide; N, native protein.
Figure 4. Basic mechanism of E. coli Dna K assisted folding. K, Dna K; J, Dna J; S, substrate peptide; GrpE, nucleotide-exchange factor.
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    book Leroux MR and Hartl FU (2000) "Cellular function of molecular chaperones". In: Pain RH (ed.) Mechanisms of Protein Folding, 2nd edn, pp. 364–405. Oxford: IRL Press.
    Saibil HR (2000) Molecular chaperones: containers and surfaces for folding, stabilising or unfolding proteins. Current Opinion in Structural Biology 10: 251–258.
    Slavotinek AM and Biesecker LG (2001) Unfolding the role of chaperones and chaperonins in human disease. Trends in Genetics 17: 528–535.

Related Sub-Topics:

Protein Folding, Evolution and Degradation | Proteins: Structure, Function, Metabolism
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Article Title: Chaperones, Chaperonin and Heat‐Shock Proteins
 
How to Cite close
Consalvi, Valerio, and Chiaraluce, Roberta(Sep 2005) Chaperones, Chaperonin and Heat‐Shock Proteins. In: eLS. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester. http://www.els.net [doi: 10.1038/npg.els.0003886]