Few disease states occur on the basis of a single hypersensitivity reaction. Type II hypersensitivity reactions cause tissue damage without the involvement of lymphocytes.
Keywords: hypotension; perforin; agglutination; goodpasture syndrome
Hypersensitivity: Antibody‐mediated Cytotoxic (Type II)
C Michael Samson, The Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
C Stephen Foster, The Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Published online: April 2001
DOI: 10.1038/npg.els.0001137
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Figure 1. Antibody acts as an opsonin, leading to phagocytosis of the target cell.
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Figure 2. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Effector cell binding antibody on the target cell leads to lysis of target cell.
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Figure 3. C3b associated with antibody acts as an opsonin, leading to phagocytosis of the target cell.
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Figure 4. Bound antibody leads to activation of complement and lysis of the target cell by the membrane attack complex (MAC).
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Figure 5. Goodpasture syndrome. There is linear staining of immunoglobulin G along the glomerular basement membrane. Courtesy of Dr Robert Colvin, Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Figure 6. Right eye of a patient with chronic cicatrizing conjunctivitis, which proved on biopsy to be ocular cicatricial pemphigoid. Note the presence of a symblepharon inferotemporally.
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Figure 7. Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid. This immunofluorescent stain demonstrates linear deposition of immunoglobulin G along the basement membrane zone of the conjunctival epithelium.
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