Gene duplications create one or more copies of a gene in a genome. They are important forces of genome evolution which change genome size and lead to the evolution of new gene functions.
Keywords: genome evolution; natural selection; gene knockout
Gene Duplication and Redundancy
Andreas Wagner, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
Published online: February 2003
DOI: 10.1038/npg.els.0001163
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Figure 1. Gene duplications can occur via (a) unequal crossing-over or (b) retroposition (see text for details).
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| Further Reading | |
| Elder JF and Turner BJ (1995) Concerted evolution of repetitive DNA sequences in eukaryotes. Quarterly Review of Biology 70: 297–320. | |
| Hillis DM and Dixon MT (1991) Ribosomal DNA: molecular evolution and phylogenetic inference. Quarterly Review of Biology 66: 410–453. | |
| book Li W-H (1997) Molecular Evolution. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer. | |
| Liao DQ (2000) Gene conversion drives within genic sequences: concerted evolution of ribosomal RNA genes in bacteria and archaea. Journal of Molecular Evolution 51: 305–317. | |
| Lynch M and Conery JS (2000) The evolutionary fate and consequences of duplicate genes. Science 290: 1151–1155. | |
| book Ohno S (1970) Evolution by Gene Duplication. New York: Springer. | |
| Romero D and Palacios R (1997) Gene amplification and genomic plasticity in prokaryotes. Annual Review of Genetics 31: 91–111. | |
| Saks ME, Sampson JR and Abelson J (1998) Evolution of a transfer RNA gene through a point mutation in the anticodon. Science 279: 1665–1670. | |
| Wagner A (1999) Redundant gene functions and natural selection. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 12: 1–16. | |
| Wagner A (2000) Mutational robustness in genetic networks of yeast. Nature Genetics 24: 355–361. | |
