Ozone and Reactive Oxygen Species

Andrew C Allan, HortResearch, Auckland, New Zealand
Robert Fluhr, Plant Sciences, Rehovot, Israel

Published online: July 2007

DOI: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0001299.pub2

Increasing levels of the pollutant ozone are likely to have a dramatic effect on future plant productivity. Ozone's damaging effect on the plant is mediated primarily via an induction of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Keywords: free radicals; plant response; pollution

Figure 1. A model for plant response to ozone. Elicitation of different plant responses ranging from senescence to rapid necrosis can be generally explained by the relative dose of ozone that the plant receives. Ozone is dissipated in the apoplast to other free radicals and ROS. These act as more diffusive agents, entering the cytosol where they are either scavenged or act as secondary messengers for a number of plant responses(see boxes). Cytosolic calcium signalling is elicited, via influx of Ca2+ from the apoplast. The balance of ROS concentration versus antioxidant scavenging potential helps decide the cell fate. Good evidence exists for an amplification of ozone-elicited ROS, in susceptible plant varieties, by triggering of the plasma membrane enzyme NADPH oxidase to make superoxide. This can drive programmed cell death (e.g. hypersensitive response). PR, pathogen response; PAL, phenylalanine lyase; Rboh, respiratory burst oxidase homologues.
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Related Sub-Topics:

Intracellular and Extracellular Signalling | Cell Death and Cellular Senescence | Cell Signalling | Plant Disease | Plant Stress Physiology
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Article Title: Ozone and Reactive Oxygen Species
 
How to Cite close
Allan, Andrew C, and Fluhr, Robert(Jul 2007) Ozone and Reactive Oxygen Species. In: eLS. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester. http://www.els.net [doi: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0001299.pub2]