Sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins recognize and interact with discrete base sequences in the genome to regulate fundamental metabolic processes.
Keywords: DNA-binding proteins; DNA sequence recognition; DNA structure
Protein–DNA Complexes: Specific
Mark A Strauch, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Published online: April 2001
DOI: 10.1038/npg.els.0001357
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Figure 1. Points of recognition in the major (M) and minor (m) grooves of DNA for each of the four base pairs. a, electron acceptor; d, electron donor; me, methyl group. Hydrogen bonding in base pairs is indicated by dashed lines. dR in circles denotes the deoxyribose-phosphate backbone of DNA.
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Figure 2. Examples of amino acid–base pair interactions. (a) Arginine bonding to guanine. (b) Serine bonding to adenine. (c) Asparagine bonding to adenine. (d) Cysteine double contact to adenine and guanine of adjacent base pairs. In (d), the adenine is attached to the opposite strand relative to the guanine but the bases have been drawn on the same plane. Hydrogen bonds are denoted by dashed lines.
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| References | |
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| Further Reading | |
| Berg OG and von Hippel PH (1988) Selection of DNA binding sites by regulatory proteins. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 13: 207–211. | |
| Gehring WJ, Affolter M and Burglin T (1994) Homeodomain proteins. Annual Review of Biochemistry 63: 487–526. | |
| Harrison SC and Aggarwal AK (1990) DNA-recognition by proteins with the helix–turn–helix motif. Annual Review of Biochemistry 59: 933–969. | |
| book Lilley DM (ed.) (1995) DNA–Protein Structural Interactions. Oxford: IRL Press. | |
| Pabo CO and Sauer RT (1992) Transcription factors: structural families and principals of DNA recognition. Annual Review of Biochemistry 61: 1053–1095. | |
| Raumann BE, Brown BM and Sauer RT (1994) Major groove DNA recognition by -sheets: the ribbon–helix–helix family of gene regulatory proteins. Current Biology 4: 36–43. | |
| book Travers A (1993) DNA–Protein Interactions. London: Chapman and Hall. | |
