Paul Verrell, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
Published online: July 2003
DOI: 10.1038/npg.els.0001853
In terms of its most basic components, reproduction in amphibians is similar to that in other vertebrate animals. But, superimposed on this similarity is a level of diversity that is unique among the tetrapods.
Keywords: gonads; gametes; mating; sexual selection; parental care
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Figure 1. A male midwife toad carrying fertilized eggs. (Courtesy of Tim Halliday.)
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| Further Reading | |
| book Crews D (ed.) (1987) Psychobiology of Reproductive Behavior. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. | |
| book Crump ML (1995) "Parental care". In: Heatwole H and Sullivan BK (eds) "Amphibian Biology", vol. 2: Social Behaviour, pp. 518–567. Chipping Norton, NSW, Australia: Surrey Beatty | |
| book Duellman WE and Trueb L (1986) Biology of Amphibians. New York: McGraw-Hill. | |
| Hayes TB (1998) Sex determination and primary sex differentiation in amphibians: genetic and developmental mechanisms. Journal of Experimental Zoology 281: 373–399. | |
| book Houck LD and Woodley SK (1995) "Field studies of steroid hormones and male reproductive behaviour in amphibians". In: Heatwole H and Sullivan BK (eds) "Amphibian Biology", vol. 2 Social Behaviour, pp. 677–703. Chipping Norton, NSW, Australia: Surrey Beatty | |
| book Lofts B (1984) "Amphibians". In: Lamming GE (ed.) "Marshall's Physiology of Reproduction", vol. 1: Reproductive Cycles of Vertebrates, pp. 127–205. London: Churchill Livingstone. | |
| book Pough FH, Andrews RM, Cadle JE, et al. (2001) Herpetology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. | |
| book Sullivan BK, Ryan MJ and Verrell PA (1995) "Female choice and mating system structure". In: Heatwole H and Sullivan BK (eds) Amphibian Biology, vol. 2: Social Behaviour, pp. 469–517. Chipping Norton, NSW, Australia: Surrey Beatty | |
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