Thomas F O’Brien, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Massachusetts, USA
Published online: January 2003
DOI: 10.1038/npg.els.0002002
Antimicrobial resistance advances as epidemics of emerged resistance genes variably linked within a variety of genetic elements that spread through interconnecting bacterial populations of antimicrobial-exposed people, animals and places.
Keywords: antimicrobial; resistance; selection; bacterial populations; plasmids
| Further Reading | |
| Donskey CJ, Chowdhry TK, Hecker MT et al. (2000) Effect of antibiotic therapy on the density of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in the stool of colonized patients. New England Journal of Medicine 343(26): 1925–1932. | |
| Hall R and Collis C (1995) Mobile gene casettes and integrons, capture and spread of genes by site-specific recombination. Molecular Microbiology 15: 593–600. | |
| Hughes VM and Datta N (1983) Conjugative plasmids in bacteria of the ‘pre-antibiotic’ era. Nature 302(5910): 725–726. | |
| Leclercq R and Courvalin P (1997) Resistance to glycopeptides in enterococci. Clinical Infectious Diseases 24(4): 545–554; quiz 555–556. | |
| Medeiros AA (1997) Evolution and dissemination of beta-lactamases accelerated by generations of beta-lactam antibiotics. Clinical Infectious Diseases 24(Supplement 1): S19–45. | |
| O’Brien TF, Pla MP, Mayer KH et al. (1985) Intercontinental spread of a new antibiotic resistance gene on an epidemic plasmid. Science 230(4721): 87–88. | |
| book Skurray RA and Firth N (1997) Molecular Evolution of Multiply-antibiotic-resistant Staphylococci. Chichester, UK: Wiley. | |
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