Blood Cell: Lineage Restriction

Yi Zhou, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Leonard I Zon, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Published online: April 2001

DOI: 10.1038/npg.els.0002324

Blood cell lineage restriction is a series of processes by which different blood cell lineages are produced from a population of multipotential cells. These processes involve cell proliferation and cell differentiation and are believed to repeat early embryonic processes of blood cell formation.

Keywords: erythrocytes; myeloid; haemangioblasts; stem cell; ventral mesoderm; platelets; macrophages; granulocytes; GATA; FOG; cytokines; SCL; VEGF; TGF-; BMP-4

Figure 1. Overview of blood cell lineages. All blood cells are derivatives of haematopoietic stem cells. The ventral mesoderm of a developing vertebrate embryo gives rise to blood stem cells. These cells differentiate and proliferate, forming different cell types that perform specialized functions. During this process, the pluripotent nature of stem cells is gradually restricted to a particular cell fate. Each blood cell lineage proliferates in a particular cytokine environment and different transcription factors regulate the lineage program.
Figure 2. Details of cell lineages showing where transcription factor knockouts and natural mutations arrest development. Various transcription factors are required at certain stages of blood cell lineage specification. Genetic disruption of a transcription factor gene in mice can specifically eliminate a specific cell lineage.
close
 References
    Fujiwara Y, Browne CP, Cuniff K, Goff SC and Orkin SH (1996) Arrested development of embryonic red cell precursors in mouse embryos lacking transcription factor GATA-1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 93: 12355–12358.
    Kelley C, Yee K, Harland R and Zon LI (1994) Ventral expression of GATA-1 and GATA-2 in the Xenopus embryo defines induction of hematopoietic mesoderm. Developmental Biology 165: 193–205.
    Liao EC, Paw BH, Oates AC et al. (1998) SCL/Tal-1 transcription factor acts downstream of cloche to specify hematopoietic and vascular progenitors in zebrafish. Genes and Development 12: 621–626.
    McKercher SR, Torbett BE, Anderson KL et al. (1996) Targeted disruption of the PU.1 gene results in multiple hematopoietic abnormalities. EMBO J 15: 5647–5658.
    Mead PE, Brivanlou IH, Kelley CM and Zon LI (1996) BMP-4-responsive regulation of dorsal–ventral patterning by the homeobox protein Mix.1. Nature 382: 357–360.
    Porcher C, Swat W, Rockwell K et al. (1996) The T cell leukemia oncoprotein SCL/tal-1 is essential for development of all hematopoietic lineages. Cell 86: 47–57.
    Robb L, Elwood NJ, Elefanty AG et al. (1996) The scl gene product is required for the generation of all hematopoietic lineages in the adult mouse. EMBO J 15: 4123–4129.
    Scott EW, Simon MC, Anastasi J and Singh H (1994) Requirement of transcription factor PU.1 in the development of multiple hematopoietic lineages. Science 265: 1573–1577.
    Shalaby F, Rossant J, Yamaguchi TP et al. (1995) Failure of blood-island formation and vasculogenesis in Flk-1-deficient mice. Nature 376: 62–66.
    Tsang AP, Visvader JE, Turner CA et al. (1997) FOG, a multitype zinc finger protein, acts as a cofactor for transcription factor GATA-1 in erythroid and megakaryocytic differentiation. Cell 90: 109–119.
    Visvader J and Adams JM (1993) Megakaryocytic differentiation induced in 416B myeloid cells by GATA-2 and GATA-3 transgenes or 5-azacytidine is tightly coupled to GATA-1 expression. Blood 82: 1493–1501.
 Further Reading
    Berliner N (1998) Molecular biology of neutrophil differentiation. Current Opinion in Hematology 5: 49–53.
    Evans T (1997) Developmental biology of hematopoiesis. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 11: 1115–1147.
    Fisher RC and Scott RC (1998) Role of PU.1 in hematopoiesis. Stem Cells 16: 25–37.
    Galli MC, Giandina PJ, Migliaccio AR and Migliaccio G (1993) The biology of stem cell factor, a new hematopoietic growth factor involved in stem cell regulation. International Journal of Laboratory Research 23: 70–77.
    Lacombe C and Mayeux P (1998) Biology of erythropoietin. Haematologica 83(8): 724–732.
    Okuda T, van Deursen J, Hiebert SW, Grosveld G and Downing JR (1996) AML1, the target of multiple chromosomal translocations in human leukemia, is essential for normal fetal liver hematopoiesis. Cell 84: 321–320.
    Orkin SH (1996) Development of the hematopoietic system. Current Opinion in Genetics and Development 6: 597–602.
    Pardanaud L, Yassine F and Dieterlen-Lievre F (1989) Relationship between vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and haemopoiesis during avian ontogeny. Development 105: 473–485.
    Tenen DG, Hromas R, Licht JD and Zhang D (1997) Transcription factors, normal myeloid development, and leukemia. Blood 90: 489–519.
    Zon LI (1995) Developmental biology of hematopoiesis. Blood 86: 2876–2891.

Related Sub-Topics:

Genes, Molecules and Cellular Processes | Cell Differentiation and Stem Cells
Contact Editor close
Submit a note to the editor about this article by filling in the form below.

* Required Field

Article Title: Blood Cell: Lineage Restriction
 
How to Cite close
Zhou, Yi, and Zon, Leonard I(Apr 2001) Blood Cell: Lineage Restriction. In: eLS. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester. http://www.els.net [doi: 10.1038/npg.els.0002324]