Posttranslational Processing: Peptide Hormones and Neuropeptide Transmitters

Andrea Varro, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

Published online: December 2007

DOI: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0002697.pub2

The regulatory peptides that act as hormones, paracrine messengers or neurotransmitters are generally synthesized initially as large, inactive precursors that are converted to their active forms by a variety of different posttranslational processing steps including cleavage of the peptide chain and modification to individual residues for example by sulfation, phosphorylation, glycosylation and COOH-terminal amidation.

Keywords: regulatory peptides; prohormone convertases; amidation; sulfation; secretory pathway

 References
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 Further Reading
    Autelitano DJ, Rajic A, Smith AI et al. (2006) The cryptome: a subset of the proteome, comprising cryptic peptides with distinct bioactivities. Drug Discovery Today 11: 306–314.
    Cole LA and Khanlian SA (2007) Hyperglycosylated hCG: a variant with separate biological functions to regular hCG. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 260-262: 228–236.
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    Wilkinson CW (2006) Roles of acetylation and other post-translational modifications in melanocortin function and interactions with endorphins. Peptides 27: 453–471.

Related Sub-Topics:

Cellular Transport | Cell Compartments and Cellular Organelles | Growth and Synthesis | Protein Structure | Translation and Protein synthesis | Protein Folding, Evolution and Degradation | Posttranslational Modification
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Article Title: Posttranslational Processing: Peptide Hormones and Neuropeptide Transmitters
 
How to Cite close
Varro, Andrea(Dec 2007) Posttranslational Processing: Peptide Hormones and Neuropeptide Transmitters. In: eLS. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester. http://www.els.net [doi: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0002697.pub2]