Michael A Winkler, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
Published online: April 2001
DOI: 10.1038/npg.els.0002970
A fermenter is a container in which a biological process can be carried out. Organisms, substrates and nutrients are brought together in the fermenter and maintained there in a favourable environment.
Keywords: bubble columns; heat generation; microcarrier; oxygen dissolution; suspended growth
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Figure 1. Stirred-tank fermenter.
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Figure 2. Gas-sparged fermenters: (a) air-lift; (b) bubble-column.
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| Further Reading | |
| book Winkler MA (1988) "Application of the principles of fermentation engineering to biotechnology". In: Wiseman A (ed.) Principles of Biotechnology, 2nd edn, pp. 83–135. Guildford: Surrey University Press. | |
| book Winkler MA (1990) "Problems in fermenter design and operation". In: Winkler MA (ed.) Chemical Engineering Problems in Biotechnology, pp. 215–350. Amsterdam: Elsevier/SCI. | |
| book Winkler MA (1995) "Fermenter design and operation". In: Wiseman A (ed.) Handbook of Enzyme Biotechnology, part B, pp. 353–378. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall. | |
| book Winkler MA (1995) "Fermentation process design". In: Wiseman A (ed.) Handbook of Enzyme Biotechnology part A, pp. 9–30. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall. | |
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