Paul Alan Cox, Institute for Ethnomedicine, Jackson Hole, WY, USA
Published online: January 2006
DOI: 10.1038/npg.els.0003706
The Pandanales, a group of economically important monocotyledons, consisting of trees, shrubs and vines of a single family, the Pandanaceae, are confined to the old world tropics. These plants have a remarkable diversity of pollinators, which yield insights to the relationships between pollination and the evolution of plant-breeding systems.
Keywords: apomixis; bat pollination; bird pollination; breeding system evolution; dioecism
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Figure 1. P. tectorius in Maui, Hawaii. Photo © Paul Alan Cox
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Figure 2. P. tectorius cephalium in Moorea, French Polynesia. Photo © Paul Alan Cox
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Figure 3. S. sinuosa ripe fruits in Nggela island, Solomon Islands. Photo © Paul Alan Cox
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Figure 4. F. reineckei being pollinated by the flying fox Pteropus mariannus in Guam. Photo © Merlin Tuttle, Bat Conservation International.
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| Further Reading | |
| book Cox PA, Huynh KL and Stone BC (1995) "Evolution and systematics of Pandanaceae". In: Rudall PJ, Cribb PJ, Cutler DF and Humphries CJ (eds) Monocotyledons: Systematics and Evolution, pp. 663–684. Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew. | |
| Cox PA (1990) Pollination and the evolution of breeding systems in Pandanaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 77: 816–840. | |
| Huynh KL (1983) Carpellodes or staminodes? Problems in the genus Pandanus (Pandanaceae) and their taxonomic significance. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 87: 177–192. | |
| Huynh KL (1991) The flower structure in the genus Freycinetia, Pandanaceae (part 1): potential bisexuality in the genus Freycinetia. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systmatik 112: 295–328. | |
| Huynh KL (1992) The flower structure in the genus Freycinetia, Pandanaceae (part 2): early differentiation of the sex organs, especially of the staminodes, and further notes on the anthers. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systmatik 114: 417–441. | |
| Jarzen DM (1983) The fossil pollen record of the Pandanaceae. Gardens Bulletin Singapore 36: 163–175. | |
| Stone BC (1961) The genus Sararanga(Pandanaceae). Brittonia 13: 212–224. | |
| Stone BC (1972) A reconsideration of the evolutionary status of the family Pandanaceae and its significance in Monocotyledon phylogeny. Quarterly Review of Biology 47: 34–35. | |
| Stone BC (1974) Towards an improved infrageneric classification in Pandanus (Pandanaceae). Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systmatik 94: 459–540. | |
| book Stone BC (1990) "New evidence for the reconciliation of floral organization in Pandanaceae with normal angiosperm patterns". In: Baas P, Kalkman K and Geesink R (eds) The Plant Diversity of Malesia, pp. 33–35. Kluwer, Dordrecht. | |
| Tomlinson PB (1965) A study of stomatal structure in Pandanaceae. Pacific Science 19: 38–54. | |
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