David Tollervey, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Published online: September 2005
DOI: 10.1038/npg.els.0005018
In addition to the genes that encode messenger ribonucleic acids and are translated into proteins, the human genome includes hundreds to thousands of genes that encode a variety of functional ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules. The number of known RNA species has grown rapidly in recent years and many additional examples will doubtless be found.
Keywords: tRNA; rRNA; snRNA; snoRNA; ribozyme
| References | |
| Cavaillé J, Buiting K, Kiefmann M, et al. (2000) Identification of brain-specific and imprinted small nucleolar RNA genes exhibiting an unusual genomic organization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 97: 14311–14316. | |
| Hao Y, Crenshaw T, Moulton T, et al. (1993) Tumour-suppressor activity of H19 RNA. Nature 365: 764–767. | |
| Lanz RB, McKenna NJ, Onate SA, et al. (1999) A steroid receptor coactivator, SRA, functions as an RNA and is present in an SRC-1 complex. Cell 97: 17–27. | |
| Lee JT (2000) Disruption of imprinted X inactivation by parent-of-origin effects at Tsix. Cell 103: 17–27. | |
| Leverette RD, Andrews MT and Maxwell ES (1992). Mouse U14 snRNA is a processed intron of the cognate hsc70 heat shock pre-messenger RNA. Cell 71: 1215–1221. | |
| Ridanpaa M, van Eenennaam H, Pelin K, et al. (2001) Mutations in the RNA component of RNase MRP cause a pleiotropic human disease, cartilage–hair hypoplasia. Cell 104: 195–203. | |
| Tycowski KT, Shu M-D and Steitz JA (1994) Requirement for intron-encoded U22 small nucleolar RNA in 18S ribosomal RNA maturation. Science 266: 1558–1561. | |
| Wevrick R, Kerns JA and Francke U (1994) Identification of a novel paternally expressed gene in the Prader–Willi syndrome region. Human Molecular Genetics 3: 1877–1882. | |
| Further Reading | |
| Collins CA and Guthrie C (2000). The question remains: is the spliceosome a ribozyme? Nature Structural Biology 7: 850–854. | |
| Eddy SR (1999) Noncoding RNA genes. Current Opinion in Genetics and Development 9: 695–699. | |
| Erdmann VA, Barciszewska MZ, Hochberg A, de Groot N and Barciszewski J (2001) Regulatory RNAs. Cell and Molecular Life Science 58: 960–977. | |
| book Gesteland RF, Cech TR and Atkins JR (eds.) (1999) The RNA World, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. | |
| Huang Y and Maraia RJ (2001) Comparison of the RNA polymerase III transcription machinery in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and human. Nucleic Acids Research 29: 2675–2690. | |
| Kelley RL and Kuroda MI (2000) Noncoding RNA genes in dosage compensation and imprinting. Cell 103: 9–12. | |
| Kiss T (2001) Small nucleolar RNA-guided post-transcriptional modification of cellular RNAs. EMBO Journal 20: 3617–3622. | |
| Lafontaine DL and Tollervey D (2001) The function and synthesis of ribosomes. Nature Reviews of Molecular and Cell Biology 2: 514–520. | |
| Maguire BA and Zimmermann RA (2001) The ribosome in focus. Cell 104: 813–816. | |
| Xiao S, Houser-Scott F and Engelke DR (2001) Eukaryotic ribonuclease P: increased complexity to cope with the nuclear pre-tRNA pathway. Journal of Cell Physiology 187: 11–20. | |
| Web Links | |
| ePath Imprinted in Prader–Willi syndrome (IPW); Locus ID: 3653. Locuslink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/LocRpt.cgi?l=3653 | |
| ePath RNA component of mitochondrial RNA processing endoribonuclease (RMRP); Locus ID: 6023. Locuslink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/LocRpt.cgi?l=6023 | |
| ePath RNA, ribosomal 1 (RNR1); Locus ID: 6052. Locuslink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/LocRpt.cgi?l=6052 | |
| ePath RNA, 5S cluster 1 (RN5S1@); Locus ID: 6025. Locuslink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/LocRpt.cgi?l=6025 | |
| ePath RNA, U1A small nuclear (RNU1A); Locus ID: 6060. Locuslink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/LocRpt.cgi?l=6060 | |
| ePath Imprinted in Prader–Willi syndrome (IPW); MIM number: 601491. OMIM: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?601491 | |
| ePath RNA component of mitochondrial RNA processing endoribonuclease (RMRP); MIM number: 15766. OMIM: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?157660 | |
| ePath RNA, ribosomal 1 (RNR1); MIM number: 180450. OMIM: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?180450 | |
| ePath RNA, U1A small nuclear (RNU1A); MIM number: 180680. OMIM: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?180680 | |
| ePath RNA, 5S cluster 1 (RN5S1@); MIM number: 180420. OMIM: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?180420 | |
Copyright © 2000-2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., or related companies. All rights reserved.
