| References |
|
|
Ayala FJ
(1999)
Molecular clock mirages.
BioEssays
21:
7175.
|
|
|
Bromham L,
Penny D,
Rambaut A and
Hendy MD
(2000)
The power of relative rates tests depends on the data.
Journal of Molecular Evolution
50:
296301.
|
|
|
Brunet M,
Guy F,
Pilbeam D et al.
(2002)
A new hominid from the upper Miocene of Chad, Central Africa.
Nature
418:
145151.
|
|
|
Cutler DJ
(2000)
Estimating divergence times in the presence of an overdispersed molecular clock.
Molecular Biology and Evolution
17:
16471660.
|
|
|
book
Delson E
(2000)
Encyclopedia of Human Evolution and Prehistory.
New York, NY: Garland.
|
|
|
Goodman M
(1961)
The role of immunochemical differences in the phyletic development of human behavior.
Human Biology
33:
131162.
|
|
|
Goodman M,
Barnabas J,
Matsuda G and
Moore GW
(1971)
Molecular evolution in the descent of man.
Nature
233:
604613.
|
|
|
Huelsenbeck JP,
Larget B and
Swofford D
(2000)
A compound Poisson process for relaxing the molecular clock.
Genetics
154:
18791892.
|
|
|
Kohne DE
(1970)
Evolution of higher-organism DNA.
Quarterly Reviews in Biophysics
33:
148.
|
|
|
Koop BF,
Goodman M,
Xu P,
Chan K and
Slightom JL
(1986)
Primate -globin DNA sequences and man's place among the great apes.
Nature
319:
234238.
|
|
|
Kumar S and
Hedges SB
(1998)
A molecular timescale for vertebrate evolution.
Nature
392:
917920.
|
|
|
Kumar S and
Subramanian S
(2002)
Mutation rates in mammalian genomes.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
99:
803808.
|
|
|
Laird CD,
McConaughy BL and
McCarthy BJ
(1969)
Rate of fixation of nucleotide substitutions in evolution.
Nature
224:
149154.
|
|
|
Li P and
Bousquet J
(1992)
Relative-rate test for nucleotide substitutions between two lineages.
Molecular Biology and Evolution
9:
11851189.
|
|
|
book
Li WH
(1997)
Molecular Evolution.
Sunderland, MA: Sinauer.
|
|
|
Li WH and
Tanimura M
(1987)
The molecular clock runs more slowly in man than in apes and monkeys.
Nature
326:
9396.
|
|
|
Mouchiroud D,
Robinson M and
Gautier C
(1997)
Impact of changes in GC content on the silent molecular clock in murids.
Gene
205:
317322.
|
|
|
Muse SV and
Weir BS
(1992)
Testing for equality of evolutionary rates.
Genetics
132:
269276.
|
|
|
book
Nuttall GHF
(1904)
Blood Immunity and Blood Relationship.
Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
|
|
|
O'hUigin C and
Li WH
(1992)
The molecular clock ticks regularly in muroid rodents and hamsters.
Journal of Molecular Evolution
35:
377384.
|
|
|
Rodriguez-Trelles F,
Tarrio R and
Ayala FJ
(2001)
Erratic overdispersion of three molecular clocks: GPDH, SOD, and XDH.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
98:
1140511410.
|
|
|
Sarich VM and
Wilson AC
(1973)
Generation time and genomic evolution in primates.
Science
179:
11441147.
|
|
|
Tourasse NJ and
Li WH
(1999)
Performance of the relative-rate test under nonstationary models of nucleotide substitution.
Molecular Biology and Evolution
16:
10681078.
|
|
|
Wilson AC,
Carlson SS and
White TJ
(1977)
Biochemical evolution.
Annual Reviews in Biochemistry
46:
573639.
|
|
|
Wu CI and
Li WH
(1985)
Evidence for higher rates of nucleotide substitution in rodents than in man.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
82:
17411745.
|
|
|
book
Yang Z
(1999)
Phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood (PAML).
London, UK: University College London.
|
|
|
Yang Z and
Nielsen R
(1998)
Synonymous and nonsynonymous rate variation in nuclear genes of mammals.
Journal of Molecular Evolution
46:
409418.
|
|
|
Yi S,
Ellsworth DL and
Li WH
(2002)
Slow molecular clocks in Old World monkeys, apes and humans.
Molecular Biology and Evolution
19:
21912198.
|
|
|
book
Zuckerkandl E and
Pauling L
(1965)
"Evolutionary divergence and convergence in proteins".
In: Bryson V and
Vogel HJ (eds.)
Evolving Genes and Proteins,
pp. 97166.
New York, NY: Academic Press.
|
| Further Reading |
|
|
Ho SY and
Larson G
(2006)
Molecular clocks: when times are a-changin.
Trends in Genetics
22:
7983.
|
|
|
Kumar S
(2005)
Molecular clocks: four decades of evolution.
Nature Reviews Genetics
6:
654662.
|
| Web Links |
|
|
ePath
Phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood (PAML). Free download site http://abacus.gene.ucl.ac.uk/software/paml.html
|