Gamete Donation and ‘Race’

Prospective recipients can now select gamete donors from a range of characteristics, including ‘race’ and ethnic features. The importance of these characteristics for choosing a sperm or egg donor varies, and commentators disagree on the role that race should play in reproductive choices.

Keywords: ethnic; gamete donation; genetic enhancement; race; racial ‘colorblindness’

 References
    book Bartholet E (1993) Family Bonds: Adoption and the Politics of Parenting. New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin Company.
    book Bartholet E (1999) Nobody's Children: Abuse and Neglect, Foster Drift, and the Adoption Alternative. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
    Birenbaum-Carmelli D, Carmelli YS, Madjar Y and Weissenberg R (2002) Hegemony and homogeneity: donor choices of Israeli recipients of donor insemination. Journal of Material Culture 7: 73–95.
    book Cross WE (1991) Shades of Black: Diversity in African-American Identity. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
    Fogg-Davis H (2001) Navigating race in the market for human gametes. Hastings Center Report Sep/Oct 31(5): 13–21.
    Hanson FA (2001) Donor insemination: eugenic and feminist implications. Medical Anthropology Quarterly 15: 287–311.
    Kan AKS, Adballa HI, Ogunyemi BO, Korea I and Latarche E (1998) A survey of anonymous oocyte donors: demographics. Human Reproduction 13: 2762–2766.
    Klock SC, Jacob MC and Maier D (1996) A comparison of single and married recipients of donor insemination. Human Reproduction 11: 2554–2557.
    Leiblum SR, Palmer MG and Spector IP (1995) Non-traditional mothers: single heterosexual/lesbian women and lesbian couples electing motherhood via donor insemination. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology 16: 11–20.
    Murray C and Golombok S (2000) Oocyte and semen donation: a survey of UK licensed centres. Human Reproduction 15: 2133–2139.
    book Ragoné H (2000) "Of likeness and difference: how race is being transfigured by gestational surrogacy". In: Ragoné H and Twine FW (eds.) Ideologies and Technologies of Motherhood 23: pp. 56–75. New York, NY: Routledge.
    book Roberts D (1997) Killing the Black Body. Race Reproduction and the Meaning of Liberty. New York, NY: Pantheon Books.
 Further Reading
    book Appiah KA and Gutmann A (1996) Color Conscious: The Political Morality of Race. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
    Bartholet E (1991) Where do black children belong? The politics of race matching in adoption. University of Pennsylvania Law Review 139: 1163–1256.
    book Fogg-Davis H (2002) The Ethics of Transracial Adoption. New York, NY: Cornell University Press.
    book Hanson FA (1998) "Developing abilities biologically?" In: Friedman RC and Rogers KB (eds.) Talent in Context: Historical and Social Perspectives on Giftedness, pp. 39–60. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    Mechanick Braverman A and Corson SL (1995) Factors related to preferences in gamete donor sources. Fertility and Sterility 63: 543–549.
    Ragoné H (1996) Chasing the blood tie: surrogate mothers, adoptive mothers and fathers. American Ethnologist May: 352–365.
    Roberts D (1995) The genetic tie. University of Chicago Law Review 62: 209–273.
 Web Links
    ePath BBC News. Health (9 July 1998): Asian Couple Take White Donor Eggs. Accessed 10/10/02 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/129429.stm
    ePath Egg Donation, Incorporated. Egg donor database http://www.eggdonor.com/intered.html
    ePath Herald (1994). Accessed 10/10/02 http://wall.jussieu.fr/dyn/txt/Herald94/0/p45
    ePath International Council on Infertility Information Dissemination (INCIID) Accessed 10/10/02 http://www.inciid.org/fact.html
    ePath MSNBC: Health. The Fertility Race, part 8: Searching for donor eggs http://www.msnbc.com/news/195788.asp?cp1=1
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How to Cite close
Fuscaldo, Giuliana(Sep 2006) Gamete Donation and ‘Race’. In: eLS. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester. http://www.els.net [doi: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0005596]