Bonnie S LeRoy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
Published online: September 2006
DOI: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0005894
Nondirectiveness is a concept that genetic counselors have supported as the foundation for their counseling approach. The underlying goal of nondirectiveness is to have the patient make fully informed autonomous decisions surrounding their genetic information.
Keywords: nondirectiveness; genetic counseling; ethical values; patient autonomy; value neutral; counselor
| References | |
| American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG) (1975) Genetic counseling. American Journal of Human Genetics 27: 240–242. | |
| Bartels DM, LeRoy BS, McCarthy P and Caplan AL (1997) Nondirectiveness in genetic counseling: a survey of practitioners. American Journal of Medical Genetics 72: 172–179. | |
| book Biesecker B (2000) "Reproduction, ethics, the ethics of reproductive genetic counseling: nondirectiveness". In: Murray TH and Mehlman MJ (eds.) The Encyclopedia of Ethical, Legal & Policy Issues in Biotechnology, pp. 977–983. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons Inc. | |
| book Caplan AL (1993) "Neutrality is not morality: the ethics of genetic counseling". In: Bartels DM, LeRoy BS and Caplan AL (eds.) Prescribing Our Future, Ethical Challenges in Genetic Counseling, pp. 101–117. New York, NY: Walter deGruyter. | |
| book Corey G (1996) Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 5th edn. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company. | |
| Kessler S (1997a) Psychological aspects of genetic counseling. XI. Nondirectiveness revisited. American Journal of Medical Genetics 72: 164–171. | |
| Kessler S (1997b) Psychological aspects of genetic counseling. X. Advanced counseling techniques. Journal of Genetic Counseling 6: 379–392. | |
| McCarthy Veach P, Bartels DM and LeRoy BS (2002) Commentary: genetic counseling – a profession in search of itself. Journal of Genetic Counseling 11(3): 187–191. | |
| National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) (1992) Code of ethics of the National Society of Genetic Counselors. Journal of Genetic Counseling 1: 41–43. | |
| book Reed SC (1955) Counseling in Medical Genetics. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders Company. | |
| Rogers CR (1992) The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 60: 827–832. | |
| Terrell White M (1997) ‘Respect for autonomy’ in genetic counseling: an analysis and a proposal. Journal of Genetic Counseling 6: 297–313. | |
| Further Reading | |
| book Fine BA (1993) "The evolution of nondirectiveness in genetic counseling and implications of the Human Genome Project". In: Bartels DM, LeRoy BS and Caplan AL (eds.) Prescribing Our Future, Ethical Challenges in Genetic Counseling, pp. 101–117. New York, NY: Walter de Gruyter & Company. | |
| Hall MA and Rich SS (2000) Patient's fear of genetic discrimination by health insurers: the impact of legal protections. Genetics in Medicine 2(4): 214–221. | |
| Harper PS (1993) Insurance and genetic testing. The Lancet 341: 224–227. | |
| Murray TH (1992) Genetics and the moral mission of health insurance. Hastings Center Report 22: 12–17. | |
| Pokorski JP (1995) Genetic information and life insurance. Nature 376: 13–14. | |
| book Sorenson JR (1993) "Genetic counseling: values that have mattered". In: Bartels DM, LeRoy BS and Caplan AL (eds.) Prescribing Our Future, Ethical Challenges in Genetic Counseling, pp. 3–14. New York, NY: Walter de Gruyter & Company. | |
| book Walker AP (1998) "The practice of genetic counseling". In: Baker DL, Schuette JL and Uhlmann WR (eds.) A Guide to Genetic Counseling, pp. 1–26. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated. | |
| book Weil J (2000) Psychosocial Genetic Counseling (Preface). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. | |
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