Atherosclerosis: Gene Therapy

Knowledge of the human genome has opened up the possibility of developing gene therapy for several inherited and acquired diseases, such as atherosclerosis and its complications.

Keywords: gene therapy; atherosclerosis; inherited diseases; dyslipidemias; coronary heart disease

 References
    Grines CL, Watkins MW, Helmer G, et al. (2002) Angiogenic Gene Therapy (AGENT) Trial in patients with stable angina pectoris. Circulation 105: 1291–1297.
    Grossman M, Rader DJ, Muller D, et al. (1995) A pilot study of ex vivo gene therapy for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Gene Therapy 2: 587.
    Isner JM, Vale PR, Symes JF and Losordo DW (2001) Assessment of risks associated with cardiovascular gene therapy in human subjects. Circulation Research 89: 389–400.
    Laitinen M, Hartikainen J, Hiltunen MO, et al. (2000) Catheter-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor gene transfer to human coronary arteries after angioplasty. Human Gene Therapy 11: 263–270.
    Laitinen M, Mäkinen K, Manninen H, et al. (1998) Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to lower limb artery of patients with chronic critical leg ischemia. Human Gene Therapy 9: 1481–1486.
    Laukkanen J, Lehtolainen P, Gough PJ, et al. (2000) Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of a secreted form of human macrophage scavenger receptor inhibits modified low density lipoprotein degradation and foam-cell formation in macrophages. Circulation 101: 1091–1096.
    Mäkinen K, Laitinen M, Manninen H, et al. (2002) Local adenovirus and plasmid–liposome-mediated VEGF gene transfer to human lower limb artery after PTA; an interim analysis of a controlled, randomized trial. Molecular Therapy 5: 570–577.
    Mann MJ, Whittemore AD, Donaldson MC, et al. (1999) Ex-vivo gene therapy of human vascular bypass grafts with E2F decoy: the PREVENT single-centre, randomised, controlled trial. The Lancet 354: 1493–1498.
    Pakkanen TM, Laitinen M, Hippeläinen M, et al. (1999) Enhanced plasma cholesterol lowering effect of retrovirus-mediated LDL receptor gene transfer to WHHL rabbit liver after improved surgical technique and stimulation of hepatocyte proliferation by combined partial liver resection and thymidine kinase ganciclovir treatment. Gene Therapy 6: 34–41.
    book Stanbury JB, Wyngaarden JB, Fredrickson DS, Goldstein JL and Brown MS (eds.) (1983) The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
    Ylä-Herttuala S and Martin JF (2000) Cardiovascular gene therapy. Lancet 355: 213–222.
 Further Reading
    book Friedmann T (1994) Gene Therapy. Fact and Fiction in Biology's New Approaches to Disease. New York, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
    Gibbons GH and Dzau VJ (1996) Molecular therapies for vascular diseases. Science 272: 689–693.
    Rekhter MD, Simari RD, Work CW, et al. (1998) Gene transfer into normal and atherosclerotic human blood vessels. Circulation Research 82: 1243–1252.
    Rutanen J, Puhakka H and Ylä-Herttuala S (2002) Post-intervention vessel remodeling. Gene Therapy 9: 1487–1491.
 Web Links
    ePath Apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1); Locus ID: 335. LocusLink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/LocRpt.cgi?l=335
    ePath Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT); Locus ID: 3931. LocusLink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/LocRpt.cgi?l=3931
    ePath Lipoprotein lipase (LPL); Locus ID: 4023. LocusLink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/LocRpt.cgi?l=4023
    ePath Low density lipoprotein receptor (familial hypercholesterolemia) (LDLR); Locus ID: 3949. LocusLink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/LocRpt.cgi?l=3949
    ePath Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); Locus ID: 7422. LocusLink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/LocRpt.cgi?l=7422
    ePath Very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR); Locus ID: 7436. LocusLink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/LocRpt.cgi?l=7436
    ePath Apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1); MIM number: 107680. OMIM: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?107680
    ePath Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT); MIM number: 606967. OMIM: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?606967
    ePath Lipoprotein lipase (LPL); MIM number: 238600. OMIM: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?238600
    ePath Low density lipoprotein receptor (familial hypercholesterolemia) (LDLR); MIM number: 606945. OMIM: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?606945
    ePath Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); MIM number: 192240. OMIM: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?192240
    ePath Very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR); MIM number: 192977. OMIM: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?192977
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Ylä‐Herttuala, Seppo(Sep 2006) Atherosclerosis: Gene Therapy. In: eLS. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester. http://www.els.net [doi: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0006042]