Prostate Cancer

Walther Vogel, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
Christiane Maier, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
Thomas Paiss, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany

Published online: January 2006

DOI: 10.1038/npg.els.0006058

Prostate cancer is a complex disease with an etiology attributed to both genetic and environmental factors. Hereditary prostate cancer is thought to be caused by multiple high-risk genes following a complex or polygenic pattern. Low-risk genes may be involved in a significant proportion of sporadic prostate cancers.

Keywords: hereditary prostate cancer; genetic epidemiology; linkage analysis; high-risk genes; association studies

Figure 1. Ideogram of the human karyotype with localizations of susceptibility genes indicated on the left of the chromosome and susceptibility regions indicated on the right.
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 References
    Berry R, Schroeder JJ, French AJ, et al. (2000) Evidence for a prostate cancer-susceptibility locus on chromosome 20. American Journal of Human Genetics 67: 82–91.
    Berthon P, Valeri A, Cohen-Akenine A, et al. (1998) Predisposing gene for early-onset prostate cancer, localized on chromosome 1q42.2–43. American Journal of Human Genetics 62: 1416–1424.
    Carter BS, Bova GS, Beaty TH, et al. (1993) Hereditary prostate cancer: epidemiologic and clinical features. Journal of Urology 150: 797–802.
    Cui J, Staples MP, Hopper JL, et al. (2001) Segregation analyses of 1,476 population-based Australian families affected by prostate cancer. American Journal of Human Genetics 68: 1207–1218.
    Gibbs M, Stanford JL, McIndoe RA, et al. (1999) Evidence for a rare prostate cancer-susceptibility locus at chromosome 1p36. American Journal of Human Genetics 64: 776–787.
    Smith JR, Freije D, Carpten JD, et al. (1996) Major susceptibility locus for prostate cancer on chromosome 1 suggested by a genome-wide search. Science 274: 1371–1374.
    Tavtigian SV, Simard J, Teng DH, et al. (2001) A candidate prostate cancer susceptibility gene at chromosome 17p. Nature Genetics 27: 172–180.
    Witte JS, Goddard KAB, Conti DV, et al. (2000) Genomewide scan for prostate cancer-aggressiveness loci. American Journal of Human Genetics 67: 92–99.
    Xu J, Meyers D, Freije D, et al. (1998) Evidence for a prostate cancer susceptibility locus on the X chromosome. Nature Genetics 20: 175–179.
 Further Reading
    Goddard KAB, Witte JS, Suarez BK, Catalona WJ and Olson JM (2001) Model-free linkage analysis with covariates confirms linkage of prostate cancer to chromosomes 1 and 4. American Journal of Human Genetics 68: 1197–1206.
    Goode EL, Stanford L, Peters MA, et al. (2001) Clinical characteristics of prostate cancer in an analysis of linkage to four putative susceptibility loci. Clinical Cancer Research 7: 2739–2749.
    Lander E and Kruglyak L (1995) Genetic dissection of complex traits: guidelines for interpreting and reporting linkage results. Nature Genetics 11: 241–247.
    Narod S (1998) Genetic epidemiology of prostate cancer. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1423: F1–F13.
    Nwosu V, Carpten J, Trent MJ and Sheridan R (2001) Heterogeneity of genetic alterations in prostate cancer: evidence of the complex nature of the disease. Human Molecular Genetics 10: 2313–2318.
    Ostrander EA and Stanford JL (2000) Genetics of prostate cancer: too many loci, too few genes. American Journal of Human Genetics 67: 1367–1375.
    book Ott J (1999) Analysis of Human Genetic Linkage. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
    Vogel W, Maier C and Paiss T (2001) Prostate cancer and the problem of genotype phenotype correlation. Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics 93: 162–167.
 Web Links
    ePath Genew: Human Gene Nomenclature Database Search Engine. HUGO approved gene nomenclature and links to further information http://www.gene.ucl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/nomenclature/searchgenes.pl
    ePath Androgen receptor (dihydrotestosterone receptor; testicular feminization; spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy; Kennedy disease) (AR); Locus ID: 367. LocusLink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/LocRpt.cgi?l=367
    ePath ElaC homolog 2 (E. coli) (ELAC2); Locus ID: 60528. LocusLink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/LocRpt.cgi?l=60528
    ePath Hereditary prostate cancer 1 (HPC1); Locus ID: 5513. LocusLink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/LocRpt.cgi?l=5513
    ePath Hereditary prostate cancer, X-linked (HPCX); Locus ID: 9566. LocusLink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/LocRpt.cgi?l=9566
    ePath Ribonuclease L (2¢,5¢-oligoisoadenylate synthetase-dependent) (RNASEL); Locus ID: 6041. LocusLink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/LocRpt.cgi?l=6041
    ePath Androgen receptor (dihydrotestosterone receptor; testicular feminization; spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy; Kennedy disease) (AR); MIM number: 313700. OMIM: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?313700
    ePath ElaC homolog 2 (E. coli) (ELAC2); MIM number: 605367. OMIM: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?605367
    ePath Hereditary prostate cancer 1 (HPC1); MIM number: 601518 OMIM: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?601518
    ePath Hereditary prostate cancer, X-linked (HPCX); MIM number: 300147. OMIM: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?300147
    ePath Ribonuclease L (2¢,5¢-oligoisoadenylate synthetase-dependent) (RNASEL); MIM number: 180435. OMIM: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?180435

Related Sub-Topics:

Molecular Genetics of Common and Complex Disease | Mutational Mechanisms of Genetic Disease | Cancer Genetics | Linkage Analysis
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Article Title: Prostate Cancer
 
How to Cite close
Vogel, Walther, Maier, Christiane, and Paiss, Thomas(Jan 2006) Prostate Cancer. In: eLS. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester. http://www.els.net [doi: 10.1038/npg.els.0006058]