Graham Budd, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Published online: May 2008
DOI: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0006144.pub2
Morphology has diversified through the evolutionary process. However, its structure and relationship to the genome are both complex, making its evolution hard to understand.
Keywords: morphology; genotype–phenotype map; adaptation; homology; structuralism; correlated progression
| References | |
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| Further Reading | |
| Brakefield PM (2006) Evo-devo and constraints on selection. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 21: 362–368. | |
| Carroll SB (2000) Endless forms: the evolution of gene regulation and morphological diversity. Cell 101: 577–580. | |
| Carroll SB (2001) Chance and necessity: the evolution of morphological complexity and diversity. Nature 409: 1102–1109. | |
| Miyata T and Suga H (2001) Divergence pattern of animal gene families and relationship with the Cambrian explosion. BioEssays 23: 1018–1027. | |
| book Thompson DW (1961) On Growth and Form. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. | |
| Vervoort M (2002) Functional evolution of Hox proteins in arthropods. BioEssays 24: 775–779. | |
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