The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) microarray technique enables us to gauge the difference in gene expression level between human and chimpanzee brains at a genome-wide level. Several studies have shown that (1) gene expression is more conservative in the brain than in other tissues, (2) the divergence rate of gene expression in the brain is higher in the lineage of humans than in the chimpanzees and (3) more genes are up-regulated in human brains.
Keywords: evolution; primates; DNA microarray; gene expression; brain








