Qing‐Peng Kong, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Beijing, China
Hui Pan, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Beijing, China
Ya‐Ping Zhang, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Beijing, China
Published online: July 2008
DOI: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0020805
China is an extremely important region in anthropology not only for its enormous population size and diversely morphological, cultural and linguistic characteristics, but also for its abundant and successive hominid fossil records. Tracing the origin of modern Chinese and reconstructing its prehistory undoubtedly become one of the most intriguing and challenging issues for scientists.
Keywords: Chinese; anthropology; genetics; origin; mtDNA
|
Figure 1. The summarization of basal haplogroups from East Asia, South Asia and Oceania on the basis of the reconstructed phylogenetic tree.
|
| References | |
| Cann RL, Stoneking M and Wilson AC (1987) Mitochondrial DNA and human evolution. Nature 325: 31–36. | |
| Jin L and Su B (2000) Natives or immigrants: modern human origin in East Asia. Nature Reviews Genetics 1: 126–133. | |
| Ke Y, Su B, Song X et al. (2001) African origin of modern humans in East Asia: a tale of 12,000 Y chromosomes. Science 292: 1151–1153. | |
| Kong Q-P, Bandelt HJ, Sun C et al. (2006) Updating the East Asian mtDNA phylogeny: a prerequisite for the identification of pathogenic mutations. Human Molecular Genetics 15: 2076–2086. | |
| Maca-Meyer N, González AM, Larruga JM et al. (2001) Major genomic mitochondrial lineages delineate early human expansions. BMC Genetics 2: 13. | |
| Palanichamy M, Sun C, Agrawal S et al. (2004) Phylogeny of mitochondrial DNA macrohaplogroup N in India, based on complete sequencing: implications for the peopling of South Asia. American Journal of Human Genetics 75: 966–978. | |
| Sun C, Kong Q-P, Palanichamy M et al. (2006) The dazzling array of basal branches in the mtDNA macrohaplogroup M from India as inferred from complete genome. Molecular Biology and Evolution 23: 683–690. | |
| Wen B, Li H, Lu D et al. (2004) Genetic evidence supports demic diffusion of Han culture. Nature 431: 302–305. | |
| Yao Y-G, Kong Q-P, Bandelt HJ et al. (2002a) Phylogeographic differentiation of mitochondrial DNA in Han Chinese. American Journal of Human Genetics 70: 635–651. | |
| Yao Y-G, Nie L, Harpending H et al. (2002b) Genetic relationship of Chinese ethnic populations revealed by mtDNA sequence diversity. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 118: 68–76. | |
| Yao Y-G, Kong Q-P, Man X-Y et al. (2003) Reconstructing the evolutionary history of China: a caveat about inferences drawn from ancient DNA. Molecular Biology and Evolution 20: 214–219. | |
| Yao Y-G, Kong Q-P, Wang C-Y et al. (2004) Different matrilineal contributions to genetic structure of ethnic groups in the Silk Road region in China. Molecular Biology and Evolution 21: 2265–2280. | |
| Further Reading | |
| Chu J-Y, Huang W, Kuang S-Q et al. (1998) Genetic relationships of populations in China. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 95: 11763–11768. | |
| Harpending HC, Batzer MA, Gurven M et al. (1998) Genetic traces of ancient demography. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 95: 1961–1967. | |
| Hawks J (2001) The Y chromosome and the replacement hypothesis. Science 293: 567. | |
| Kong Q-P, Yao Y-G, Liu M et al. (2003) Mitochondrial DNA sequence polymorphisms of five ethnic populations from northern China. Human Genetics 113: 391–405. | |
| Li H, Huang Y, Mustavich LF et al. (2007) Y chromosomes of prehistoric people along the Yangtze River. Human Genetics 122: 383–388. | |
| Richards M, Oppenheimer S and Sykes B (1998) mtDNA suggests Polynesian origins in Eastern Indonesia. American Journal of Human Genetics 63: 1234–1236. | |
| Shi H, Dong Y-L, Wen B et al. (2005) Y-chromosome evidence of southern origin of the East Asian-specific haplogroup O3-M122. American Journal of Human Genetics 77: 408–419. | |
| Su B, Xiao J, Underhill P et al. (1999) Y-chromosome evidence for a northward migration of modern humans into eastern Asia during the last ice age. American Journal of Human Genetics 65: 1718–1724. | |
| Wang L, Oota H, Saitou N et al. (2000) Genetic structure of a 2500-year-old human population in China and its spatiotemporal changes. Molecular Biology and Evolution 17: 1396–1400. | |
| Wen B, Li H, Gao S et al. (2005) Genetic structure of Hmong-Mien speaking populations in East Asia as revealed by mtDNA lineages. Molecular Biology and Evolution 22: 725–734. | |
| Wu X-Z (2005) Discussion on the results of some molecular studies concerning the origin of modern Chinese. Acta Anthropologica Sinica 24: 259–269. (In Chinese). | |
| Wu X-Z (2006) New arguments on continuity of human evolution in China. Acta Anthropologica Sinica 25: 17–25. (In Chinese). | |
| Xue Y, Zerjal T, Bao W et al. (2006) Male demography in East Asia: a north–south contrast in human population expansion times. Genetics 172: 2431–2439. | |
Copyright © 2000-2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., or related companies. All rights reserved.
