| References |
|
|
Abelson JF,
Kwan KY,
O'Roak BJ et al.
(2005)
Sequence variants in SLITRK1 are associated with Tourette's syndrome.
Science
310:
317–320.
|
|
|
book
American Psychiatric Association
(2004)
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,
4th edn, text revision (DSM‐IV‐TR).
Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
|
|
|
Barr CL,
Wigg KG,
Pakstis AJ et al.
(1999)
Genome scan for linkage to Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.
American Journal of Medical Genetics
88(4):
437–445.
|
|
|
Berridge KC,
Aldridge JW,
Houchard KR and
Zhuang X
(2005)
Sequential super‐stereotypy of an instinctive fixed action pattern in hyper‐dopaminergic mutant mice: a model of obsessive compulsive disorder and Tourette's.
BMC Biology
3:
4.
|
|
|
Chou IC,
Tsai CH,
Wan L,
Hsu YA and
Tsai FJ
(2007)
Association study between Tourette's syndrome and polymorphisms and noradrenergic genes (ADRA2A, ADRA2C).
Psychiatric Genetics
17(6):
359.
|
|
|
Comings DE,
Comings BJ,
Devor EJ and
Cloninger CR
(1984)
Detection of a major gene for Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.
American Journal of Human Genetics
36:
586–600.
|
|
|
Coric V,
Taskiran S,
Pittenger C et al.
(2005)
Riluzole augmentation in treatment‐resistant obsessive–compulsive disorder: an open‐label trial.
Biological Psychiatry
58(5):
424–428.
|
|
|
De la Tourette G
(1885)
Etude sur une affection nerveuse caracterisee par de l'indoordination motrice accompagnee d'echolalie et al copralalie.
Archives de Neurologie
9:
158–200.
|
|
|
Devor EJ
(1984)
Complex segregation analysis of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: further evidence for a major locus mode of transmission.
American Journal of Human Genetics
36:
704–709.
|
|
|
Ercan‐Sencicek AG,
Stillman AA,
Ghosh AK et al.
(2010)
l‐histidine decarboxylase and Tourette's syndrome.
New England Journal of Medicine
362(20):
1901–1908.
|
|
|
Faridi K and
Suchowerskyo O
(2003)
Gilles de la Tourette's Syndrome.
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences
30(suppl. 1):
564–571.
|
|
|
Gause C,
Morris C,
Vernekar S et al.
(2009)
Antineuronal antibodies in OCD: comparisons in children with OCD‐only, OCD+chronic tics and OCD+PANDAS.
Journal of Neuroimmunology
214(1–2):
118–124.
|
|
|
Grados MA
(2010)
The genetics of obsessive–compulsive disorder and Tourette syndrome: an epidemiological and pathway‐based approach to gene discovery.
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
49(8):
810–819.
|
|
|
Hyde TM,
Aaronson BA,
Randolph C,
Rickler KC and
Weinberger DR
(1992)
Relationship of birth weight to phenotypic expression of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome in monozygotic twins.
Neurology
42(3 part 1):
652–658.
|
|
|
Jankovic J
(2001)
Tourette's syndrome.
New England Journal of Medicine
345:
1184–1192.
|
|
|
Jijun L,
Zaiwang L,
Anyuan L et al.
(2010)
Abnormal expression of dopamine and serotonin transporters associated with the pathophysiologic mechanism of Tourette syndrome.
Neurology India
58(4):
523–529.
|
|
|
Jin R,
Zheng RY,
Huang WW et al.
(2005)
Epidemiological survey of Tourette syndrome in children and adolescents in Wenzhou of P.R. China.
European Journal of Epidemiology
20:
925–927.
|
|
|
Keen‐Kim D,
Mathews CA,
Reus VI et al.
(2006)
Overrepresentation of rare variants in a specific ethnic group may confuse interpretation of association analyses.
Human Molecular Genetics
15(22):
3324–3328.
|
|
|
Kirvan CA,
Swedo SE,
Snider LA and
Cunningham MW
(2006)
Antibody‐mediated neuronal cell signaling in behavior and movement disorders.
Journal of Neuroimmunology
179(1–2):
173–179.
|
|
|
Knight S,
Coon H,
Johnson M et al.
(2010)
Tourette Syndrome Association Consortium for Genetics. Linkage analysis of Tourette syndrome in a large Utah pedigree.
American Journal of Medical Genetics B Neuropsychiatric Genetics
153B(2):
656–662.
|
|
|
Knott PJ and
Hutson PH
(1982)
Stress‐induced stereotypy in the rat: neuropharmacological similarities to Tourette syndrome.
Advances in Neurology
35:
233–238.
|
|
|
Kugaya A and
Sanacora G
(2005)
Beyond monoamines: glutamatergic function in mood disorders.
CNS Spectrums
10(10):
808–819.
|
|
|
Kurlan R,
McDermott MP,
Deeley C et al.
(2001)
Prevalence of tics in school children and association with placement in special education.
Neurology
57:
1383–1388.
|
|
|
Laurin N,
Wigg KG,
Feng Y,
Sandor P and
Barr CL
(2008)
The chromosome 5 and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: linkage in a large pedigree and association study of six candidates in the region.
American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B
150B:
95–103.
|
|
|
Leckman JF
(2003)
Phenomenology of tics and natural history of tic disorders.
Brain and Development
25(suppl. 1):
S24–S28.
|
|
|
Leckman JF,
Katsovich L,
Kawikova I et al.
(2005)
Increased serum levels of interleukin‐12 and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha in Tourette's syndrome.
Biological Psychiatry
57(6):
667–673.
|
|
|
Leckman JF,
Riddle MA,
Hardin MT et al.
(1998)
The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale: initial testing of a clinician rated scale of tic severity.
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
28:
566–573.
|
|
|
Mathew SJ,
Amiel JM,
Coplan JD et al.
(2005)
Open label trial of riluzole in generalized anxiety disorder.
American Journal of Psychiatry
162(12):
2379–2381.
|
|
|
Mathews CA and
Grados MA
(2011)
Familiality of Tourette syndrome, obsessive–compulsive disorder, and attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder: heritability analysis in a large sib‐pair sample.
American Journal of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
50(1):
46–54.
|
|
|
Mell LK,
Davis RL and
Owens D
(2005)
Association between streptococcal infection and obsessive–compulsive disorder, Tourette's syndrome, and tic disorder.
Pediatrics
116(1):
56–60.
|
|
|
Merette C,
Brassard A,
Potvinm A et al.
(2000)
Significant linkage for Tourette syndrome in a large French Canadian family.
American Journal of Human Genetics
67(4):
1008–1013.
|
|
|
Miranda DM,
Wigg K,
Kabia ME et al.
(2008)
Association of SLITRK1 to Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.
American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B
150B:
483–486.
|
|
|
Morer A,
Chae W,
Henegariu O et al.
(2010)
Elevated expression of MCP‐1, IL‐2 and PTPR‐N in basal ganglia of Tourette syndrome cases.
Brain Behavior and Immunity
24(7):
1069–1073.
|
|
|
Ogdie MN,
Fisher SE,
Yang M et al.
(2004)
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: fine mapping supports linkage to 5p13, 6q12, 16p13, and 17p11.
American Journal of Human Genetics
75:
661–668.
|
|
|
Paschou P,
Feng Y,
Pakstis AJ et al.
(2004)
Indications of linkage and association of Gilles del la Tourette syndrome in two independent family samples: 17q25 is a putative susceptibility region.
American Journal of Human Genetics
75(4):
545–560.
|
|
|
Pauls DL and
Leckman JF
(1986)
The inheritance of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome and associated behaviors. Evidence for autosomal dominant transmission.
New England Journal of Medicine
315:
993–997.
|
|
|
Pauls DL,
Pakstis AJ,
Kurlan R et al.
(1990)
Segregation and linkage analyses of Tourette's syndrome and related disorders.
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
29:
195–203.
|
|
|
Pittenger C,
Krystal JH and
Coric V
(2006)
Glutamate‐modulating drugs as novel pharmacotherapeutic agents in the treatment of obsessive–compulsive disorder.
NeuroRx
3(1):
69–81.
|
|
|
Price RA,
Kidd KK,
Cohen DJ,
Pauls DL and
Leckman JF
(1985)
A twin study of Tourette syndrome.
Archives of General Psychiatry
42:
815–820.
|
|
|
Robertson MM and
Gourdie A
(1990)
Familial Tourette's syndrome in a large British pedigree associated with psychopathology, severity and potential for linkage analysis.
British Journal of Psychiatry
156:
515–521.
|
|
|
Robertson MM,
Eapen V and
Cavanna AE
(2009)
The international prevalence, epidemiology and clinical phenomenology of Tourette Syndrome: a cross‐cultural perspective.
Journal of Psychosomatic Research
67(6):
475–483.
|
|
|
Scharf JM,
Moorjani J,
Fagerness JV et al.
Pauls and The Tourette Syndrome International Consortium for Genetics
(2008)
Lack of association between SLITRK1var321 and Tourette syndrome in a large family based sample.
Neurology
70:
1495–1496.
|
|
|
Silverman AJ,
Sutherland AK,
Wilhelm M and
Silver R
(2000)
Mast cells migrate from blood to brain.
The Journal of Neuroscience
20(1):
401–408.
|
|
|
Singer H,
Morris C and
Grados M
(2010)
Glutamatergic modulatory therapy for Tourette's syndrome.
Medical Hypotheses
74(5):
862–867.
|
|
|
Stillman AA,
Krsnik Z,
Sun J et al.
(2009)
Developmentally regulated and evolutionarily conserved expression of SLITRK1 in brain circuits implicated in Tourette syndrome.
Journal of Comparative Neurology
513(1):
21–37.
|
|
|
Swerdlow NR,
Bongiovanni MJ,
Tochen L and
Shoemaker JM
(2006)
Separable noradrenergic and dopaminergic regulation of prepulse inhibition in rats: implications for predictive validity and Tourette Syndrome.
Psychopharmacology (Berlin)
186(2):
246–254.
|
|
|
Tarnok Z,
Ronai Z,
Gervai J et al.
(2007)
Dopaminergic candidate genes in Tourette Syndrome: association between tic severity and 3′ UTR polymorphism of the dopamine transporter gene.
American Journal of Human Genetics Part B
144B:
900–905.
|
|
|
Taylor JL,
Rajbhandari AK,
Berridge KC and
Aldridge JW
(2010)
Dopamine receptor modulation of repetitive grooming actions in the rat: potential relevance for Tourette syndrome.
Brain Research
1322:
92–101.
|
|
|
The Tourette Syndrome Association International Consortium for Genetics
(1999)
A complete screen in sib pairs affected by Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.
American Journal of Human Genetics
56(5):
1428–1436.
|
|
|
The Tourette Syndrome Association International Consortium for Genetics
(2007)
Genome scan for Tourette disorder in affected‐sibling‐pair and multigenerational families.
American Journal of Human Genetics
80:
265–272.
|
|
|
Walkup JT,
LaBuda MC,
Singer HS et al.
(1996)
Family study and segregation analysis of Tourette syndrome: evidence for a mixed model of inheritance.
American Journal of Human Genetics
59:
684–693.
|
|
|
Walkup JT,
Leckman JF,
Price RA et al.
(1988)
The relationship between obsessive–compulsive disorder and Tourette's Syndrome: a twin study.
Psychopharmacology Bulletin
24(3):
375–379.
|
|
|
Yoon DY,
Rippel CA,
Kobets AJ et al.
(2007)
Dopaminergic polymorphisms in Tourette syndrome: association with the DAT gene (SLC6A3).
American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B
144B:
605–610.
|
|
|
Zhang H,
Leckman JF,
Pauls DL et al.
(2002)
Genomewide scan of hoarding in sib pairs in which both sibs have Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.
American Journal of Human Genetics
70(4):
896–904.
|
|
|
Zimprich A,
Hatala K,
Riederer F et al.
(2008)
Sequence analysis of the complete SLITRK1 gene in Austrian patients with Tourette's disorder.
Psychiatric Genetics
18:
308–309.
|
| Further Reading |
|
|
Kurlan R
(2010)
Clinical practice. Tourette's Syndrome.
New England Journal of Medicine
363(24):
2332–2338.
|
|
|
Leckman JF,
Bloch MH,
Smith ME,
Larabi D and
Hampson M
(2010)
Neurobiological substrates of Tourette's disorder.
Journal of Child & Adolescent Psychopharmacology
20(4):
237–247.
|
|
|
Murphy TK,
Kurlan R and
Leckman J
(2010)
The immunobiology of Tourette's disorder, pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with Streptococcus, and related disorders: a way forward.
Journal of Child & Adolescent Psychopharmacology
20(4):
317–331.
|
|
|
State MW
(2010)
The genetics of child psychiatric disorders: focus on autism and Tourette syndrome.
Neuron
68(2):
254–269.
|
|
|
Zinner SH and
Mink JW
(2010)
Movement disorders I: tics and stereotypies.
Pediatric Reviews
31(6):
223–233.
|
