| References |
|
|
Anderson PL,
Brundage RC,
Bushman L et al.
(2000)
Indinavir plasma protein binding in HIV-1 infected adults.
AIDS
14:
2293–2297.
|
|
|
Arimori K,
Nanko M,
Otagiri M and
Uekama K
(1984)
Effect of penicillins on binding of phenytoin to plasma proteins in vitro and in vivo.
Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition
5:
219–227.
|
|
|
Barrail A,
Tiec CL,
Paci-Bonaventure S et al.
(2006)
Determination of amprenavir total and unbound concentrations in plasma by high performance liquid chromatography and ultrafiltration.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
28:
89–94.
|
|
|
Blum RA,
Schentag JJ,
Gardner MJ and
Wilner KD
(1995)
The effect of tenidap sodium on the disposition and plasma protein binding of phenytoin in healthy male volunteers.
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
39(suppl. I):
35S–38S.
|
|
|
Boffito M,
Hoggard PG,
Lindup WE et al.
(2004)
Lopinavir protein binding in vivo through 12-hour dosing interval.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
26:
35–39.
|
|
|
Booker HE and
Darcey B
(1973)
Serum concentrations of free diphenylhydantoin and their relationship to clinical intoxication.
Epilepsia
2:
177–184.
|
|
|
Burger D,
Meenhorst PL,
Mulder JW et al.
(1994)
Therapeutic drug monitoring of phenytoin in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
16:
616–620.
|
|
|
Burt M,
Anderson DC,
Kloss J and
Apple FS
(2000)
Evidence based implementation of free phenytoin therapeutic drug monitoring.
Clinical Chemistry
46:
1132–1135.
|
|
|
Butler JM and
Begg EJ
(2008)
Free drug metabolic clearance in elderly people.
Clinical Pharmacokinetics
47:
297–321.
|
|
|
Chow L,
Johnson M,
Wells A and
Dasgupta A
(2003)
Effect of the traditional Chinese medicine Chan Su, Lu-Shen-Wan, DanShen and Asian ginseng on serum digoxin measurement by Tina-Quant (Roche) and Synchron LX system (Beckman) digoxin immunoassays.
Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis
17:
22–27.
|
|
|
Dasgupta A,
Biddle D,
Wells A and
Datta P
(2000)
Positive and negative interference of Chinese medicine Chan Su in serum digoxin measurement: elimination of interference using a monoclonal chemiluminescent digoxin assay or monitoring free digoxin.
American Journal of Clinical Pathology
114:
174–179.
|
|
|
Dasgupta A and
Datta P
(2004)
Rapid detection of oleander poisoning using digoxin immunoassay: comparison of five assays.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
26:
658–663.
|
|
|
Dasgupta A,
Dennen DA,
Dean R and
McLawhon RW
(1991)
Displacement of phenytoin from serum protein carriers by antibiotics: studies with ceftriaxone, nafcillin and sulfamethoxazole.
Clinical Chemistry
37:
98–100.
|
|
|
Dasgupta A and
Emerson L
(1996)
Interaction of valproic acid with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs mefenamic acid and fenoprofen in normal and uremic sera: lack of interaction in uremic sera due to the presence of endogenous factors.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
18:
654–659.
|
|
|
Dasgupta A and
Malik S
(1994)
Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometric determination of the molecular weight range of uremic compounds that displace phenytoin from protein binding: absence of midmolecular uremic toxins.
American Journal of Nephrology
14:
162–168.
|
|
|
Dasgupta A and
McLemore J
(1998)
Elevated free phenytoin and free valproic acid concentrations in sera of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
20:
63–67.
|
|
|
Dasgupta A,
Risin SA,
Reyes M and
Actor JK
(2008)
Rapid detection of oleander poisoning by Digoxin III, a new digoxin immunoassay: impact on serum digoxin measurement.
American Journal of Clinical Pathology
129:
548–553.
|
|
|
Dasgupta A,
Saffer H,
Wells A and
Datta P
(2002)
Bidirectional (positive/negative) interference of spironolactone, canrenone and potassium canrenoate on serum digoxin measurement: elimination of interference by measuring free digoxin or using a chemiluminescent assay for digoxin.
Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis
16:
172–177.
|
|
|
Ghuman J,
Zunszain P,
Petitpas I et al.
(2005)
Structural basis of drug-binding specificity of human serum albumin.
Journal of Molecular Biology
353:
38–52.
|
|
|
Gidal BE,
Collins DM and
Beinlich BR
(1993)
Apparent valproic acid neurotoxicity in a hypoalbuminemic patient.
Annals of Pharmacotherapy
27:
32–35.
|
|
|
Haroldson JA,
Kramer LE,
Wolff DL and
Lake KD
(2000)
Elevated free fractions of valproic acid in a heart transplant patient with hypoalbuminemia.
Annals of Pharmacotherapy
34:
183–187.
|
|
|
Hooper W,
Dubetz D,
Bochner F et al.
(1975)
Plasma protein binding of carbamazepine.
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
17:
433–440.
|
|
|
Kemper EM,
van Khan HJ,
Speelman P et al.
(2007)
Severe phenytoin intoxication in patients with hypoalbuminemia.
Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde
151:
138–141. [Article in Dutch].
|
|
|
Klotz U,
Rapp T and
Muller WA
(1978)
Disposition of VPA in patients with liver disease.
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
13:
55–60.
|
|
|
Ko R,
Greenwald M,
Loscutoff S et al.
(1996)
Lethal ingestion of Chinese tea containing Chan SU.
Western Journal of Medicine
164:
71–75.
|
|
|
Lenn NJ and
Robertson M
(1992)
Clinical utility of unbound antiepileptic drug blood levels in the management of epilepsy.
Neurology
42:
988–990.
|
|
|
McMillin GA,
Owen WE,
Lambert TL et al.
(2002)
Comparable effects of DIGIBIND and DigiFab in thirteen digoxin immunoassays.
Clinical Chemistry
48:
1580–1584.
|
|
|
Meinardi H,
van der Kleijn E and
Meijer JWA
(1982)
Absorption and distribution of anti-epileptic drugs.
Epilepsia
23:
23–26.
|
|
|
Monaghan MS,
Marx MA,
Olsen KM,
Turner PD and
Bergman KL
(2001)
Correlation and prediction of phenytoin using standard laboratory parameters in patients after renal transplantation.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
23:
263–267.
|
|
|
Otagiri M
(2005)
A molecular functional study on the interactions of drugs with plasma proteins [Review].
Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
20:
309–323.
|
|
|
Panesar NS
(1992)
Bufalin and unidentified substances in traditional Chinese medicine cross-react in commercial digoxin assay.
Clinical Chemistry
38:
2155–2156.
|
|
|
Pennell PB
(2003)
Antiepileptic drug pharmacokinetics during pregnancy and lactation.
Neurology
61(suppl. 2):
S35–S42.
|
|
|
Pospisil J and
Perlik F
(1992)
Binding parameters of phenytoin during monotherapy and polytherapy.
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Therapy, and Toxicology
30:
24–28.
|
|
|
Prabhakar S and
Bhatia R
(2003)
Management of agitation and convulsions in hepatic encephalopathy.
Indian Journal of Gastroenterology
22(suppl. 2):
S54–S58.
|
|
|
Sandyk R
(1982)
Phenytoin toxicity induced by interaction with ibuprofen.
South African Medical Journal
62:
592.
|
|
|
Soldin SJ
(1999)
Free drug measurements when and why? An overview.
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
123:
822–823.
|
|
|
Steimer W,
Muller C and
Eber B
(2002)
Digoxin assays: frequent, substantial, and potentially dangerous interference by spironolactone, canrenone and other steroids.
Clinical Chemistry
48:
507–516.
|
|
|
Takamura N,
Maruyama T and
Otagiri M
(1997)
Effects of uremic toxins and fatty acids on serum protein binding of furosemide: possible mechanism of the binding defect in uremia.
Clinical Chemistry
43:
2274–2280.
|
|
|
Toler SM,
Wilkerson MA,
Porter WH,
Smith AJ and
Chandler MH
(1990)
Severe phenytoin intoxication as a result of altered protein binding in AIDS.
DICP: The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
24:
698–700.
|
|
|
Tomson T
(2005)
Gender aspect of pharmacokinetics of new and old AEDs; pregnancy and breast feeding.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
27:
718–721.
|
|
|
Tomson T,
Lindbom U,
Ekqvist B et al.
(1994)
Epilepsy and pregnancy: a prospective study on seizure control in relation to free and total concentrations of carbamazepine and phenytoin.
Epilepsia
35:
122–130.
|
|
|
Tsanaclis LM,
Allen J,
Perucca E,
Routledge PA and
Richens A
(1984)
Effect of valproate on free plasma phenytoin concentrations.
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
18:
17–20.
|
|
|
Van Hest RM,
van Gelder T,
Vulto AG et al.
(2009)
Pharmacokinetic modelling of the plasma protein binding of mycophenolic acid in renal transplant recipients.
Clinical Pharmacokinetics
48:
463–476.
|
|
|
Von Winckelmann SL,
Spriet I and
Willems L
(2008)
Therapeutic drug monitoring of phenytoin in critically ill patients.
Pharmacotherapy
28:
1391–1400.
|
|
|
Watson I,
Potter J,
Yatscoff R et al.
(1997)
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring [Editorial]
19:
125.
|
|
|
Wolf GK,
McClain CD,
Zurakoski D et al.
(2006)
Total phenytoin concentrations do not accurately predict free phenytoin concentrations in critically ill children.
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
7:
434–439.
|
|
|
Wright DF and
Begg EJ
(2010)
The apparent clearance of free phenytoin in elderly vs younger adults.
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
70:
132–138.
|
|
|
Yerby MS,
Friel PN and
McCormick K
(1992)
Antiepileptic drug disposition during pregnancy.
Neurology
42(suppl. 5):
12–16.
|
|
|
Zielmann S,
Mielck F,
Kahl R et al.
(1994)
A rational basis for the measurement of free phenytoin concentration in critically ill trauma patients.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
16:
139–144.
|
| Further Reading |
|
|
Gallop K
(2010)
Phenytoin use and efficacy in the ED [review].
Emergency Medicine Australasia
22:
108–118.
|
|
|
Gustafsson SS,
Vrang L,
Terelius Y and
Danielson UH
(2010)
Quantification of interactions between drug leads and serum proteins by use of “binding efficiency”.
Analytical Biochemistry. October 28 [e-pub ahead of print].
|
|
|
Langman LJ
(2007)
The use of oral fluid for therapeutic drug management: clinical and forensic toxicology.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
1098:
145–166.
|
|
|
Morris RG,
Hones TE,
Wicks FA and
Rogers NM
(2008)
Measuring the unbound concentration fials to resolve analytical interferences in digoxin immunoassays.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
30:
548–552.
|
|
|
Ueshima S,
Aiba T,
Makita T et al.
(2008)
Characterization of non-linear relationship between total and unbound serum concentrations of valproic acid in epileptic children.
Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics
33:
31–38.
|
|
|
Vial Y,
Tod M,
Hornecker M et al.
(2010)
In vitro influence of fatty acids and bilirubin on binding of mycophenolic acid to human serum albumin.
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. September 29 [e-pub ahead of print].
|
